Feeding roses in summer. Jul 21, 2023 · This second feed is especially important for repeat-flowering roses, giving them the nutrients they need to keep flowering all summer long. roses grow more actively in the spring and summer, so they’ll need more fertilizer during those times. For great results, you’ll need to do it at least once a week in mid-summer. Start to fertilize roses in April/May with Nitrogen, phosphate and potash fertilizer such as fish emulsion, and reapply it once per month until August 15th. Dried rose petals can also be saved and fed to chickens throughout the winter months. Strong winds can cause the base of the rose to loosen in the soil. Early spring is an ideal time to inspect the bushes and do any necessary pruning. Mulch well. Earth Rose and Flower Fertilizer because they are both natural and organic, slowly feeding your roses over a period of time. Do NOT combine this recipe with systemic rose fertilizer. Apply fungicidal sprays as directed. Feeding roses late summer. For established roses, we recommend digging a trench 1-2 inches deep around the drip line of the rose; this is the circumference around the outermost leaves of your plant where feeder roots Select a good quality fertilizer with a 4-6-4, or 2-4-2 NPK ratio. The reason you should stop applying fertilizer after August 15th is Feb 6, 2024 · Fill a 30 US gal (110 L) plastic garbage can with 64–80 oz (1,800–2,300 g) alfalfa pellets and the rest with water. Stake all basal shoots and steady their plants as well. Prune Your Roses. Mar 18, 2024 · Spring calls for a boost to kick off growth, while late summer needs a lighter touch to prepare plants for winter without encouraging too much late growth. Firstly, before mulching, feed your rose and water the surrounding soil, which should be clear of old leaves and weeds. Jun 23, 2021 · Please Subscribe! - https://bit. • Finger prune (pinch Loosen the soil at the bottom of the hole to allow the roots to easily grow deeper. ly/SproutedSeedsRoses need micronutrients for a lush bloom so it is very important to know how to properly care for roses and Aug 11, 2023 · 1) Gather Your Seeds. 99 Jun 15, 2022 · There's a window that you can "safely" water your roses, the right way to water, frequency, and all under high heat. Nitrogen (N) Promotes healthy green growth. Fertilizing should be done three times a year: 1. More on –> Spring Rose Care. Provide a light fertilizer if the area struggles with growth. Best For Root Growth: Espoma PR8 Organic Perlite. Mulch your roses with a two-inch top dressing of well Dec 1, 2021 · This rose fertilizer is made up of organic ingredients that can sufficiently feed soil microbes and at the same time, promote and maintain the vibrant colors of the petals. This is the first year I have made an actual effort to feed my roses anything other than Miracle Gro for roses A Calendar for Rose Growers. Water your rose generously once a week in summer, taking care not to Nov 18, 2022 · Start by digging a hole about twice as wide (but no deeper) than the rose's pot. Frequently asked Rose Questions. May 23, 2021 · Sprinkle slow-release 10-10-10 fertilizer around the plants when new buds form in mid-winter. Feeding Roses and Rose Fertilizers. Spray early in the morning, as the hot sun magnified through the water droplets can burn the leaves. Use a feed containing potash and magnesium, for better blooms. Fungus can be a problem when Arizona's humidity rises during the summer months. You know when you get that rumble in your stomach that it is time to eat or it is time to feed your pets when they bark, meow, or otherwise try to get your attention May 11, 2022 · You stop fertilizing roses in mid-August to late September depending on your climate zone. Top up mulch and water deeply regularly. Feb 3, 2021 · by Nanette Londeree, Master Rosarian, Marin Rose SocietyThis is a 2005 AOM articleABOVE: Healthy roses really perform with a balanced diet - the right amount of the right nutrients at the right time. This helps to retain soil moisture, adds nutrients and suppresses weeds. Dig a hole that accommodates the root ball of the bush. It has an NPK formula of 2-6-4 and is specifically formulated to stimulate flowering. Fill in with a blend of natural soil and mulch or planter mix. The first step to growing roses from seed is collecting mature seeds. (The pruned sections of the rose are basically the nutrients that were in the soil. Nitrophoska Extra is not recommended for roses in pots. Late Spring to Early Summer: Use a water-soluble fertilizer to support the blooming phase. It helps to prevent competing plants from taking root in the rose’s territory; it decreases water evaporation and temperature swings in the soil; and it keeps you from running into the rose with the string trimmer. Organic Rose Care. May 24, 2023 · We like Espoma Rose-tone or Dr. Post-Bloom Cycle: Depending on the rose’s health and soil test results, opt for a targeted nutrient boost using either granular or liquid formulations. We recommend hardwood chips, shredded or chipped bark or pine needles as mulch material. Many chicken owners feed fresh rose petals to their chickens regularly, especially during the late spring and summer when roses are in bloom. English Roses: Most English roses can be grown as either a shrub rose or a small climber. Read the label on the fertilizer package, and follow the directions closely. Start by digging your planting hole at least two to three times as wide and as deep or not much deeper than the root ball of your plant. This will promote strong growth and encourage more flowers (for selections that repeat Apr 15, 2024 · Prune Your Roses. 5. Jul 10, 2020 · A job for the weekend: feed your roses. 2. Sep 21, 2017 · Feed roses weekly with a fertilizer especially for roses or an organic fertilizer, such as fish emulsion. Photo credit Rita Perwich. It’s made from fresh North Atlantic fish, molasses, seaweed, yucca extract, and humic acid. This is a complete food containing everything the rose needs. For established roses, we recommend digging a trench 1-2 inches deep around the drip line of the rose; this is the circumference around the outermost leaves of your plant where feeder roots Jan 13, 2017 · Step 1. First, always use a balanced fertilizer such as a 10-10-10 or 12-12-12 formula to ensure your roses get the right amount of nutrients. Feed your rose. In July and August, feed at 3-4 week intervals. Have a hose or bucket of water and all your planting tools nearby. Andrew Schulman, Fine Gardening author, landscape designer and old rose collector, shows how just a few Mar 9, 2022 · Climbing roses must be pruned hard. Dec 12, 2010 · Spray your roses with cool water on hot mornings to increase humidity around the plant. DO NOT feed after the autumn flush, as this encourages fresh growth at the wrong time. Feeding roses to chickens can be a safe and healthy practice. 3. Liquid seaweed can be purchased at your local nursery. Postpone feeding until spring, if your roses are growing vigorously. Liquid foliar spray is an easy way to keep your rose foliage in tip top shape. Roses subsist on 3 main ingredients – nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium. Remove only twiggy growth and damaged or non-productive stems. Mar 4, 2016 · Apply the liquid feeding every two weeks from March to the end of June, and from the beginning of September to mid-October. Earth Rose Fertilizer or equivalent/rose and scratch in lightly. (*Iron Plus is non-staining. A 6- or 9-month slow-release fertilizer should give the Lenton rose all the nutrients it needs. Roses use a lot of energy flowering all season long so they need a rest period. Jul 5, 2023 · Black spot is a widespread fungal disease that can defoliate rose plants if left untreated. Rose pictured: Solar Flair (MiniFlora). first flush in spring, 2. (Roses generally repeat flower within approximately 56 days). Mulch conserves moisture, moderates soil temperature, and as it breaks down, it adds organic matter to the soil, further enriching it. We know that you love roses, but sometimes have a bit of May 12, 2017 · It is important to feed your roses properly in the summer if you want them to have large, beautiful blooms. The spring pre-flower feeding is the main time to focus on fertilizing rose plants. Apr 5, 2024 · tb1234. Mar 19, 2024 · With changes to the garden we withdrew our summer feed with no significant changes to plant size, flowering or new growth. Kelvin Trimper AM. Jun 9, 2023 · At the beginning of the season we use an all purpose, slow-release granular rose feed that is high in potassium. When it comes to feeding your roses, there are a few tips to keep in mind. Reinvigorate growth every 2-3 years by removing the old woody canes in favor of the green, more flexible canes. The pre-flowering feed in March/April is perhaps the most important feed for the plant’s overall health. Tips for Feeding Roses. This is usually 18-30″ wide. Feed your roses. After the first flush of blooms, we make sure to feed again to encourage a longer flowering season. Look for rose hips in the late fall. Just the fact that roses are normally pruned each year means that the nutrients are removed permanently from the area. In the fall and winter (and just prior to these seasons), when growth slows down, you can reduce the amount of fertilizer you’re using. Mulch in spring, ideally with well-rotted manure, keeping it clear of the stem. Rose bushes produce seeds in fruits known as rose hips. Don't grab a hose and go to town under hot/bright/sunny day and mist/hose your roses in an attempt to cool them down. Fill in the hole and lightly pack the soil. Feeding is an important job, as it will give your roses a much-needed boost for the second flush. Feed newly planted and established roses every two weeks through mid-summer; feed flowering shrubs early spring and late summer Analysis: (15-25-20) 12 Refills, (15-25-20) 54 refills $48. All roses prefer a spot in your garden that receives at least six to eight hours of full sun a day and a rich, organic, well-drained soil. This will provide enough power for blooming, but not so much that it will burn your roses. Dr. New growth leading into winter is not ideal as it may become damaged from the frost. Nov 14, 2016 · Your roses do not need a late season deep feeding to get through the winter. You can use a spray of lime/sulfur spray to clean up any diseases that may occur during summer. For climbing roses apply a two scoops (60g per rose). Aug 9, 2023 · Feed and mulch. Add sulfur 3 times a year to lower the pH and prevent issues like chlorosis. Place native soil removed from planting hole around the perimeter of the hole, in a wheel barrow, or on a tarp. Roses can be purchased as bare-root, growing in plastic containers, or growing in biodegradable containers. You never want to fertilize roses in the winter because this is their time of dormancy. Draw a small circle around the base of the plant with the feed, making sure it doesn’t scorch the leaves. A capful of rose feed ready to be diluted. We recommend using Carr’s Organic Soil Improver as your mulch material. An application of Epsom salts, iron and SuperThrive at month end will really spiff up your rose bushes, and will get them prepared for the long, hot summer. If planting container-grown roses, loosen the roots before planting. Simply follow the instructions on the label, and make sure to: Feed mini roses as soon as the bush “leafs-out” for the first time; Feed the plant after each time a heavy array of blooms appear; Discontinue feeding around 6-8 weeks before the first winter frost is expected Jun 29, 2022 · Avoid feeding your roses after the summer, as soft growth may be damaged in cold weather; Mulching: Mulch is used to provide frost protection and improve plant growth by adding nutrients and suppressing weeds. Sprinkle approximately 30g of rose food around the base of your rose, using the measuring scoop provided. The first fertilizer application should occur as the plant breaks out of dormancy in the spring. Continue spraying with Eco Rose, Eco Oil and Neem Oil. The nitrogen helps your plants have lush foliage, phosphorus is for healthy roots and flowers and the potassium is so that your roses can maintain vigor. Make sure to stop feeding 2 months before the first freeze. May 5, 2023 · Do you want to fertilize your rose plants in California, but don't know when the best time is? Then find out with this ultimate guide to rose fertilization! Sep 24, 2020 · Iceberg roses are beautiful and easy to grow. Center the plant in the hole with the branches pointing slightly toward the climbing structure. Spray with a good organic fungicide and insecticide combination to fight summer rose pests and summer plagues such as rust and black spot. Soak bare-root roses in a bucket of water for 8 to 12 hours before planting. For climbing roses, use a fertilizer with an NPK ratio of near 4-6-4. BioAdvanced 043929293566 Bayer Advanced 701110A All in One Rose and Flower Care Granules. Pour the water into a watering can and add the Epsom salt, molasses, apple cider vinegar, and powdered fish. Aug 3, 2016 · In either case simply feeding roses once a month is all that you really need to do if you want them to get the proper nutrition. Alfalfa and bone meal can be used in conjunction with fish emulsion and applied once every 4-6 weeks for best results. Dormant Spray. Water well after planting. Deadheading – in effect pruning – delivers roses for longer because it stimulates new sideshoots which bear new flower buds, Monty explains. Adding a burlap covering around the plant can also help protect the plant from harsh May 1, 2024 · Most experts, however, will suggest using a general-purpose liquid fertiliser on your container roses until they begin to bloom, before swapping over to a high-potash feed like Tomorite. Once you see several inches of growth on your rose, add a bit more fertilizer and continue to add fertilizer every five to six weeks or per your fertilizer’s instructions. Resist the urge to water them frequently but lightly. Avoid very exposed, windy sites. Then sprinkle the chicken fertilizer around each rose and water everything in. Now would be a good time to apply a slow-release fertilizer such as Osmocote, which will feed your roses for 90 days. In the early spring, just as the first buds begin to form, it is time for fertilizing. Their blooms vary in colour and scent and the many types of rose means there is one suited to every garden. Prune your roses by at least one-half in height, thin out twiggy growth, and remove all foliage. Apply a 3″ thick layer of your chosen mulch around the base of the rose, spreading it to the width of the rose canopy. Water your roses with the tea every 4 weeks during growing season. Even if you did some amount of pruning in the fall, it's likely the tips of canes have died back somewhat. . Water the roses regularly; spray to control black spot and mildew, as well as two-spotted mite, as retention of foliage is very important. Pruning before the leaf buds open causes the rose bush to put its full energy into new growth. Stop feeding your roses in late summer when they begin preparing for winter dormancy. Jan 25, 2024 · The winter care will vary depending on where you are growing Knock Out® roses. For shrub roses apply a one scoop (30g per rose). 3 days ago · Here are the best fertilizers for roses you can buy in 2024: Best Overall: Osmocote 274850 Smart-Release Plant Food. Aug 4, 2017 · At a minimum, your roses will need about 4 – 5 gallons a week. Water was the key and the soil had the available material to help make the new growth. Phoenix soil is very alkaline. Water roses before and after applying fertilizers to avoid burning the plants and to deliver the nutrients to the plant roots where they are needed. Place the roots in the hole and fill with soil, making sure to water well after you plant it. Apply 2 tbsp John and Bob's Soil Optimizer, 2 C Biosol/rose and scratch in lightly, and dormant spray. Dec 17, 2021 · Fertilize the perennial regularly throughout its growing season (about every two to four weeks depending on the type of fertilizer used). In late summer/early fall, it’s time to prepare your roses for the cold winter months. It can be applied to both new and established roses and can provide nutritional value to them for up to three months. Fill the hole around the rose’s roots with more of the nutrient-rich soil to give it a good foundation. Using sharp pruners, cut back each cane in May 7, 2024 · A pint of this mixture is applied per rose bush once a month up to 7 to 10 weeks before winter. Jan 13, 2017 · Step 1. start of summer, 3. Generally, the advice is to feed garden roses twice a year: in spring (late March or early April ideally) as plants are coming into growth, but before flowering, then once again during summer, after the first flush of flowers has faded. The time has come to give your roses their summer feed. Last updated: Sep 13, 2021 • 3 min read. I would typically use a balanced, slow-release fertilizer to nourish my roses right after pruning, which is often done as the last frost of the season passes. start of Autumn. That’s right, one time a month and about 15 minutes of your time is all it’s going to take to feed your rose bushes and help to keep them strong and blooming throughout the summer. The tell-tale signs Aug 7, 2023 · Wash off adjacent paving after application. Trim the side shoots of the stems you are keeping, by two-thirds to a bud. Rose Care Calendar. Sprinkle the first 5 ingredients around each rose and mix into soil if possible. Aug 28, 2019 · Apply about 3 applications from early Spring to late summer (September to March). It’s all about reading the room—or in this case, the bush—and tweaking that seasonal fertilization for established roses accordingly. Miniature roses are hybrid rose plants developed for their compact size and continuous blooms. A commercial rose food or general all-purpose fertilizer works well. Miracle-Gro Shake 'N Feed Rose & Bloom Plant Food. Avoid fertilizing roses during extremely hot periods. 15 years ago. The grafting union should be just below the soil level. Pruning. Sep 20, 2022 · When to add fertilizer to roses based on the time of year. Mulching: Cover the soil around your roses with a 2-3 inch layer of organic mulch. May 9, 2024 · Feeding Roses to Chickens. Summer-trim all roses if timing flowering for a show or special event. Aug 10, 2023 · Neptune’s Harvest Rose & Flowering Formula is a foliar feed composition, and in many ways, the best liquid fertilizer for roses. Bare root roses are dormant. Ladybug larvae, for example, feed on aphids. Avoid planting a rose under an overhanging tree branch. Add a two-to-three-inch layer of organic mulch when growing in the ground. Water in some GoGo Juice to stimulate microbial activity in the soil. Check your roses for insects and disease every day. You should also look to stop pruning your roses at the end of August. Powdery mildew typically appears during the summer, especially when the days are hot and dry and the nights are cool and wet. Feed with organic fertiliser and water in well. With proper care and feeding, your roses will bring beauty and joy to your garden for years to come. Watering: Water is the ultimate fertilizer. Step 2. If you prefer to have flowers right through summer and autumn, with quality varying from poor on warm days to fairly good on cool For best results, plant your rose 3 feet away from other plants and 2 feet from other roses. Apr 28, 2020 · Spring is THE time for fertilizing roses. These fruits will start out green and then transform into red, orange, or brown shades. Feed in spring and again in mid-summer after the first flush of flowers. ) Make sure to water your roses the day before feeding. "Fertilizing late in the season may encourage unnecessary tender new growth which may get damaged by cold snaps in the Feb 16, 2024 · Feeding border roses. Consider increasing the application rate for sandy soils which do not retain a lot of moisture and nutrients. Keep foliage dry by watering at the base of the plants. Adjust the frequency based on the specific fertilizer you choose. Roses bring an old fashioned elegance and beauty to the garden. Oct 25, 2022 · Miracle-Gro Water Soluble Rose Plant Food. Best For More Abundant Flowers: Jobe’s 09423 Organics Flower & Rose Granular Fertilizer. Mulch roses in spring and autumn, with well-rotted stable manure, compost or chipped bark, but keep it 10cm clear of your rose's stems. Water it and let your rose grow. katefisher. Fertilizing roses is especially important if you're pruning them mid-summer because the new growth draws on the plant's energy reserves. Your goal is to remove the rose hips after they turn a warm shade but Jun 19, 2021 · Deadheading is the secret, says Monty. Plant bare roots. The more organic matter in your soil, the more moisture it retains and the less time it takes water to reach the plant roots. Pruning can encourage your rose bush to start producing new growth that will be tender and young. Use leaves, pine, or straw to protect the plant's roots and help insulate it throughout the winter. On my farm, this means that I have irrigation lines set up so that each rose has two 1-gallon-per-hour emitters on it, which I leave on for one hour, twice a week. If plants have not grown and flowered satisfactorily, despite good care and ample moisture during September and October, they probably need more to eat. Take the rosebush out of the container and loosen the roots. For fertilization, apply 2 C Dr. Sep 2, 2020 · The best way to prevent rose diseases is to choose disease-resistant varieties. Spread roots out if they're growing in circles around the root ball. Apr 13, 2024 · Maintain consistent growth and abundant blooms by applying a balanced fertilizer or one slightly richer in potassium every 2-4 weeks. All your rose pruning should be completed by the end of January. Using a sharp pair of your best secateurs, remove dead, damaged, crossing, or diseased stems. Nov 9, 2021 · Climbing Roses: Climbers usually bloom best on two year old wood. These roses are bred and selected to resist the most common rose afflictions, including powdery mildew and black spot. 'I recommend using a one-off feed after winter pruning, such as VitaxQ4, which is full of nutrients, then using a high potash feed such as Tomorite from Amazon Step 2: Sprinkle rose food around the base of the rose. The best tactic, though, is to do the job daily, he says. For roses planted in the ground, you can use either a general-purpose granulated fertiliser or a specialised rose fertiliser. Well cared-for roses need regular feeding and attention. Written by MasterClass. Jul 18, 2023 · Powdery mildew on roses occurs especially in moderately warm summer weather with temperatures between 68 and 86 degrees F and high relative humidity. Commercial fertilizers high in phosphorus can be applied at the rate of 1 lb per area of 80 sq. It moves nutrients from the soil into the plant. Hold your hose (and horse). What to feed roses. Apply a 1-2″ layer of your chosen mulch around the base of the rose, spreading it to the width of the rose canopy. Feb 17, 2024 · Early Spring: Apply a balanced, slow-release fertilizer to kickstart growth. Roses need some attention throughout the year to maintain their beauty and health. If the plant is an overgrown tangle, remove the oldest of the main established stems, leaving the healthier ones. Rose plants are hungry after a long, cold winter and need nutrient input to muster up their best spring blooms. During the heat of the summer, when the temperature reaches 100 degrees, dilute the fertilizer to half strength, because too much fertilizer can burn the foliage Aug 13, 2013 · From that point on, roses should be re-fertilized every four to six weeks. You can use well-rotted garden compost, chipped bark, manure, and slate chippings. To determine how much water your roses need, consider the density of organic matter in your soil and your garden’s microclimate. Stir the liquid to combine and apply the fertilizer to your roses once during the summer in the evening. Water well, and fertilize when it cools to avoid stressing plants. Any cane thinner than a pencil should be removed. Water droplets under strong sunlight act like a magnifying glass which helps the Dec 6, 2019 · Feed your plant with a general or rose fertiliser every spring and then again in summer, after the first flush of flowers. The second factor is what time of year it is. Check your mulch layer. Best For Young Plants: Miracle-Gro Rose Plant Food. Toss a handful of superphosphate into each planting hole. Sep 13, 2021 · Miniature Roses Care: 7 Tips for Growing Miniature Roses. During hot summer months your roses may need deeper watering. Repeat the application near the end of summer to encourage additional blooming through the fall. Soaking them in water helps to hydrate the roots and is important step for your rose’s health. In hot weather, mature roses require 20-30 litres of water per week, for each plant, when maximum temperatures are predicted to average 20-30°C for the week ahead, 30-40 litres per week when temperatures average 30-40°C and at least 40 litres per week if Prune 1/3 of the bush toward the end of August to promote a good fall bloom. Container Growing: Use large containers at least 30 gallons, use a well- draining soil and follow all the above info. This will result in your rose rocking in the wind which will lead to it growing at an angle Jun 13, 2018 · Phosphorus helps roots (below ground) Potassium is used by the whole plant. Two more applications in mid-June and mid-July will keep the flower show going. Remove infected leaves and dispose of them. Take the following steps to prevent and manage black spot: Plant resistant rose varieties. Spread the food evenly around the base of the rose, to the width of the canopy. Water is the Key Ingredient for Roses. ft. Jul 2, 2020 · So get this right before fertilizing. (Look for three numbers that are the same on the package, like "5-5-5"). Garden lime (or Dolomite lime): Apply Feb 20, 2024 · This helps distribute the nutrients deep into the root zone and prevents fertilizer burn. Learn how to care for them, prune them, and enjoy their stunning blooms with our ultimate guide. No matter the type of rose you're caring for, you can keep it healthy by feeding it a well-balanced fertilizer. Let the mixture sit covered for 3-5 days and stir it once per day, then strain any remaining solids from the water. Prune roses, pull off all leaves, remove fallen debris. Spread it around the drip line ( not up against the stem) as the drip line is where the feeding roots are. The wider the hole the better. January. Oct 31, 2020 · Water well, roses are thirst plants but do not like sitting in boggy conditions. It is needed to build chlorophyll and allows the plant to use light to turn water and carbon Firstly, before mulching, feed your rose and water the surrounding soil, which should be clear of old leaves and weeds. A CALENDAR FOR ROSE GROWERS. Jobe's 04102 Rose Fertilizer Spikes. Nitrogen is a component of all proteins and because water washes it away from the root zone, roses require a consistent supply. Get watering right. Last but not least, enjoy your roses! Fall: Fall is one of the best blooming seasons for roses. This will give any new growth time to harden so it avoids damage from the frost. At the end of the growing season, if you live in a zone with colder winters, stop fertilizing your roses about eight weeks before the first expected frost. Prune each cane back to 3 to 5 buds per cane. Roses planted in containers need more feeding than those in Sep 12, 2022 · A balanced 10-10-10 fertilizer provides nitrogen for healthy foliage, phosphorus for vigorous roots, and potassium for blossom formation. Mulch has many benefits. The first step in fall rose care… make sure your roses get sufficient plant food. Espoma Rose Plant Food. Earth 702P Organic 3 Rose & Flower Fertilizer in Poly Bag. Adding plants to your landscape that attract beneficial and predatory insects is a way to keep pests away from your roses. Nov 18, 2022 · Start by digging a hole about twice as wide (but no deeper) than the rose's pot. ) Most shrubs in the garden are left to find their So let your roses rest a bit during summer and you’ll be well rewarded come fall! Here are a few general rules of thumb: Cut back on the feeding and only use short term fertilizers so you don’t push new growth well into fall. Mar 26, 2024 · I recommend feeding your roses every four to six weeks during their growing season, which typically starts in spring and ends in late summer. Nov 6, 2015 · Feeding Roses Broadcast Fri 6 Nov 2015 at 2:00pm Friday 6 Nov 2015 at 2:00pm Fri 6 Nov 2015 at 2:00pm Space to play or pause, M to mute, left and right arrows to seek, up and down arrows for volume. fospphgvenbbmzzxpuxc
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